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Tumor Biomarkers
Screening for tumors based on proteins found in body fluids like plasma, urine, cells/ tissues is another approach to diagnose the presence of cancer and monitor its progression. These marker proteins are expressed at physiological levels in normal cells; however the levels increase by several folds in a cancer milieu. At this point there are ~20 different generic or specific tumor markers that are used for the diagnosis of cancer.
Our growing portfolio of research related products for specific tumor markers would enable researchers to understand the basic biology related to tumor biomarkers related to specific types of cancers
| Tumor marker: Gene/ Protein | Cancer type |
| ALK gene rearrangements | Non-small cell lung cancer and anaplastic large cell lymphoma |
| Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) | Liver cancer and germ cell tumors |
| Beta-2-microglobulin (B2M) | Multiple myeloma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and some lymphomas |
| Beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (Beta-hCG) | Choriocarcinoma and testicular cancer |
| BCR-ABL fusion gene | Chronic myeloid leukemia |
| CA15-3/CA27.29 | Breast cancer |
| CA19-9 | Pancreatic cancer, gallbladder cancer, bile duct cancer, and gastric cancer |
| CA-125 | Ovarian cancer |
| Calcitonin | Medullary thyroid cancer |
| Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) | Colorectal cancer and breast cancer |
| CD20 | Non-Hodgkin lymphoma |
| Chromogranin A (CgA) | Neuroendocrine tumors |
| Estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR) | Breast cancer |
| Fibrin/fibrinogen | Bladder cancer |
| HE4 | Ovarian cancer |
| HER2/neu | Breast cancer, gastric cancer, and esophageal cancer |
| KIT | Gastrointestinal stromal tumor and mucosal melanoma |
| Lactate dehydrogenase | Germ cell tumors |
| Nuclear matrix protein 22 | Bladder cancer |
| Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) | Prostate cancer |
| Thyroglobulin | Thyroid cancer |
| Urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) | Breast cancer |
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