Prion Disease May Be Transmitted by Eye Surgery
November 2018 | Science News
Researchers have found evidence of the infectious agent that causes sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (sCJD) in the eyes of deceased patients. The discovery could lead to the development early diagnostic tests for the disease—which is caused by abnormal forms of normally harmless prion proteins—but also suggests that the disease might be transmitted through procedures such as corneal grafts.
Researchers shed light on molecular mechanisms of heart valvular disease
November 2018 | Science News
A mutation in the gene that encodes the Filamin A protein causes heart valvular disease to develop at the molecular level. The researchers succeeded to determine the three-dimensional structure of the mutated fragment by X-ray crystallography.
Revealing an Unexpected Role for RNA in DNA Repair
November 2018 | Science News
Our genome is made up of DNA, which contains the blueprints for an organism, which is built from proteins. RNA is an intermediate molecule that carries information from the genome to the cell and was not thought to have any role in DNA repair. Researchers demonstrated that the DNA repair protein, an enzyme called a polymerase, often uses RNA to repair breaks in our DNA.
Artificial intelligence predicts treatment effectiveness
November 2018 | Science News
Researchers have come up with the method that makes it possible to compare different treatment alternatives and to identify patients who will benefit from treatment. Relying on artificial intelligence, the method is based on causal Bayesian networks.
Two-Faced Molecule Slips between DNA Strands
November 2018 | Science News
Newly developed Janus nucleic acid recognition elements target double-stranded DNA or RNA by engaging both strands at once. When strung together within a single-stranded protein nucleic acid (PNA), a synthetic construct, Janus elements may bind to natural targets in a sequence-specific manner.
Speed and error rate of DNA synthesis influenced by DNA structure
November 2018 | Science News
Team of researchers showed that sequences with the potential to form unusual DNA conformations, which are frequently associated with cancer and neurological diseases, can in fact slow down or speed up the DNA synthesis process and cause more or fewer sequencing errors.
Researchers find connection between Perineuronal nets and Epilepsy
November 2018 | Science News
Perineuronal nets (PNNs) were found to play a critical role in neuroprotection, neuroplasticity, epilepsy, stroke, and Alzheimer’s diseases. Researchers have determined these nets modulate electrical impulses in the brain & brain seizures can occur if the nets are dissolved.
Weight during adolescence may affect pancreatic cancer risk in adulthood
November 2018 | Science News
New research has linked adolescent obesity with up to a four-fold increased risk of pancreatic cancer later in life. The study's results also suggest that overweight and even higher weight within the 'normal' weight range in men may increase pancreatic cancer risk in a graded manner.
Gonorrhea Gets Promising New Antibiotic Treatment
November 2018 | Science News
New study provides extremely promising data about an investigational oral antibiotic called zoliflodacin, which was well-tolerated and successfully cured most cases of uncomplicated gonorrhea when tested in a Phase II multi-center clinical trial.
HIV-2 Found to Be Deadlier Than Previously Thought
November 2018 | Science News
Researchers publication shows that HIV-2 is more pathogenic than previously demonstrated. The new findings indicate that early treatment should be applied to all patients with HIV, not only to those with HIV-1.
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