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Product Details
| Cat # +Size | K4908-100 |
|---|---|
| Size | 100 assays |
| Detection Method | Absorbance (450 nm) |
| Species Reactivity | Mammalian |
| Applications | This ELISA kit is used for the assay detects Visfatin from serum samples in the range from 0.5 – 32 ng Visfatin/ml and a detection limit of 50 pg/ml. |
| Features & Benefits | • Simple procedure • Fast and convenient • High-throughput adaptable • Cross Reactivity: No significant cross-reactivity or interference between this analyte and its analogues was observed. |
| Kit Components | • Pre-coated Microtiter Plate • Wash Buffer (10X) • Diluent (10X) • Detection Antibody • Detector (100X) • Mouse Nampt Standard (lyophilized,64 ng) • TMB • Stop Solution • Plate Sealers |
| Storage Conditions | 4°C |
| Shipping Conditions | Gel Pack |
| USAGE | For Research Use Only! Not For Use in Humans. |
Details
Visfatin, an adipocytokine that is highly enriched in the visceral fat of both humans and mice and whose expression level in plasma increases during the development of obesity. Visfatin, a secretory form of Nampt (nicotinamide phosphoribosy-ltransferase), corresponds to pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor (PBEF), a 52 kDa cytokine expressed in lymphocytes. PBEF is an inflammatory cytokine that plays a requisite role in the delayed neutrophil apoptosis of sepsis. Visfatin exerted insulin-mimetic effects in cultured cells and lowered plasma glucose levels in mice. The Nampt (Visfatin/PBEF) (mouse/rat) Serum ELISA Kit is to be used for the in vitro quantitative determination of mouse or rat Nampt (Visfatin/PBEF) in serum. This assay is a sandwich ELISA which utilizies a 96-well microtiter plate which was pre-coated with a monoclonal antibody and a purified polyclonal detection antibody. A HRP-conjugated anti-IgG and TMB (3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine) is added to generate a color intensity directly proportional to the concentration of Nampt in the samples. This ELISA is specific for the measurement of natural and recombinant mouse and rat Nampt. It does not cross-react with human Nampt, human adiponectin, mouse adiponectin, mouse resistin, mouse vaspin, mouse RBP4, mouse GPX3, mouse progranulin, mouse IL-33, mouse clusterin, mouse ANGPTL3, mouse ANGPTL4, mouse ANGPTL6, mouse leptin, mouse TNF-α. The assay range is 0.5 – 32 ng Nampt/ml and a detection limit of 50 pg/ml (based on adding two standard deviations to the mean value of the zero standard).
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What is a sandwich ELISA?
The analyte of interest in a sample is "sandwiched" by an immobilized capture antibody coated on the plate and a labeled antibody used for detection. Sandwich ELISA is very sensitive. The density of color is proportional to the amount of analyte captured from the samples and can be quantified when compared with standard curve.
What is a competitive ELISA?
The endogenous unlabled analyte of interest in a sample is "competed" by the exogenous labeled antigen coated on the plate for a limited amount of antibody binding sites. Therefore, the lower signal indicate higher concentration of the analyte.
What dilution range should I use for the samples?
A preliminary experiment is always recommended when working with new samples and ELISA Kits to ensure all results fall within the detection range.
Can I extend the standard curve (in either direction)?
Extended standard curve is not recommended by BioVision.
What type of software is needed to graph a 4-parameter or 5-parameter curve?
SoftMax Pro by Molecular Devices, SigmaPlot® by Systat Software Inc., or others can be used for this purpose.
Low absorbance; No signal
Target present below detection limits of assay
Reduce dilution factor to increase sample concentration (Preliminary experiment is recommended for optimal dilution range)
Incompatible sample types
Use samples recommended by the kit
Standard dilutions are unstable
Use fresh standard dilutions
Buffers/substrates are contaminated
Use new buffers and substrates
Insufficient incubation time
Extend incubation time
Cover or seal plates during all incubation
Plate washings too vigorous
Pipette wash buffer gently or make sure the automatic wash system has correct pressure
Wells scratched with pipette or washing tips
Use caution when dispensing and aspirating into and out of wells
Incubation temperature too low
Ensure incubations are carried out at temperatures recommended by the manual
Reagents are cold
Bring all reagents to room temperature before each assay
Plate read at incorrect wavelength
Ensure the plate reader is set at the correct wavelength recommended on the protocol
High Background
Insufficient washing
Increase number of washes; Add a 30 second soaking step in between washes; at the end of each washing step, invert plate on absorbent tissue to completely drain all wells
Residual buffer/substrates remain in wells
Remove all residual buffer and substrates at the end of each wash
Too much HRP-Streptavidin
Centrifuge and mix the substrate vial before use to avoid percipitation and inconsistent HRP concentration
Excessive incubation time
Reduce incubation time
Substrate incubation carry out in light or wait too long to read plate after adding stop solution
Avoid light during incubation and read signals immediately after adding stop solution
Standards improperly reconstituted or diluted
Briefly spin vials before opening; inspect for undissolved material after reconstitution
Poor standard curve
Standard improperly diluted
Confirm dilutions are made correctly
Standard dilutions are unstable
Use freshly diluted standards
Pipetting error
use calibrated pipette and stay consistent between each pipette
Curve doesn't fit scale
Try plotting using different scales (log-log, 4 parameter logistic, 5 parameter etc.)
Large intra-coefficient of variation (CV)
Bubbles in wells
Avoid bubbles during experiment, eliminate all bubbles prior to reading
Insufficient washing
Increase number of washes; add a 30 second soak step in between washes; at the end of each washing step, invert plate on absorbent tissue to completely drain all wells
Wells not washed equally/thoroughly
Use calibrated (automated) multi-channel pipette for consistent handling, make sure all parts of the automated washer are unobstructed
Edge effects
Seal the plate completely during incubation
Incomplete reagent mixing
Make sure all reagents are mixed thoroughly during each step
Inconsistent sample preparation or storage
Consistent sample preparation. Optimize sample storage conditions and minimize freeze and thaw cycles
Stacked plates
Avoid stacking plates during incubation
Plate sealers not used or reused
Cover assay plate with plate sealer, use a fresh sealer each time to prevent contamination
Large inter-coefficient of variation (CV))
Insufficient washing
Increase number of washes; add a 30 second soak step in between washes; at the end of each washing step, invert plate on absorbent tissue to completely drain all wells
Inconsistent incubation temperature
Make sure to follow recommended incubation temperatures. Avoid fluctuations in temperature due to environmental conditions.
Plate sealers not used or reused
Cover assay plate with plate sealer, use a fresh sealer each time to prevent contamination
